astronomy Essays - Constellations, Lynx, Ursa Major, Lacerta

Encyclhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/352906/Lynxopedia (Ages 11 and up) Lynx - Student in astronomy, a large but obscure constellation in the mid-northern celestial latitudes between Ursa Major (the Big Bear), Auriga (the Charioteer), and Gemini (the Twins). It was first delineated in about 1687 by the Polish astronomer Johannes Hevelius, probably to account for stars left over from neighboring constellations, which he was mapping at the same time. The other constellations delineated by Hevelius are Canes Venatici, Lacerta, Leo Minor, Scutum, Sextans, and Vulpecula. The stars in Lynx are arranged in a broad stair-step pattern and are difficult to imagine as a wild cat, though some have suggested seeing the constellation as the undulant arc of the animal?s back as it prepares to spring on its prey. Hevelius is said to have remarked that an observer would need the eyes of a lynx to see the constellation, perhaps accounting for the name. Most of the stars in Lynx lie north of 41 N. celestial latitude and therefore, from the perspective of a viewer in the mid-northern lati tudes (for example, the latitudes at which are located Washington, D.C., Indianapolis, Ind., and Boulder, Colo.), are circumpolar; that is, they never set. The constellation as a whole, however, is not considered one of the circumpolar constellations. It is most visible from January through May. To an observer at 41 N. latitude facing north at 10:00 PM, the constellation appears directly overhead at the end of February, just north of the bright stars Castor and Pollux in the constellation Gemini. Although faint and unremarkable as a constellation, Lynx has a number of objects of interest. Many of its stars are telescopic doubles or triples; that is, double or triple stars that cannot be seen without a telescope. The brightest star in the constellation, Alpha Lyncis, is a third-magnitude red giant located about 165 light-years away from Earth. A curiosity in Lynx is an 11th-magnitude globular star cluster. Its New General Catalogue number is NGC 2419. It is located in the opposite di rection (with respect to the Milky Way) from most other globularscript src="http://adserver.adtechus.com/addyn/3.0/5308.1/1371312/0/170/ADTECH;target=_blank;grp=189;key=false;kvqsegs=D;kvsource=science;kvtopicid=352906;kvchannel=SCIENCE;misc=1307963782031">/script> clusters: though the observer usually looks in toward the center of the Milky Way to see globular clusters, to see NGC 2419 the viewer must look out, toward the fringes of the galaxy. At 210,000 light-years? distance, NGC 2419 is also the most distant globular cluster in the galaxy so far discovered using Earth-based telescopes. Because of its unusual position and great distance, some astronomers think it may turn out to be an intergalactic cluster and not part of the Milky Way at all, http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/ConstellationViewer.aspx?ID=51 ________________________________________ Star Data Top-Astronomer ID5295 Bayer Right Ascension8h 13m 50.2s Declination+56? 27 8" Magnitude5.85 MK Spectral ClassG9III Flamsteed Henry Draper No. (HD)68077 Smithsonian No. (SAO)26732 Fifth Fundamental (FK5)2640 Lynx is a very faint constellation in the northern hemisphere. It was first charted by the Polish astronomer Johannes Hevelius in the 17th century. He created the constellation from the stars lying in the gap between Ursa Major and Auriga and named it after the lynx because it was so faint that it took someone with the eyesight of a lynx to spot it in the sky. It is uncertain whether or not he was also referring to Lynceus, a figure in Greek mythology who had the best eyesight in the world and was said to have been able to see things underground. The constellation Lynx occupies an area of 545 square degrees and contains five stars with known planets. It can be seen at latitudes between +90? and -55? and is best visible at 9 p.m. during the month of March. The brightest star in Lynx is [5250] alpha Lyncis, a magnitude 3 variable star approximately 220 light-years distant. It is also known by its Arabic names Elvashah or Alvashak and Al Fahd, both of which mean "the wild cat" or "the lynx." Two other notable stars in the constellation are [5251] 38 Lyncis and [5253] 31 Lyncis. [5251] 38 Lyncis is also known as Maculosa or Maculata ("the spotted one"). It is a magnitude 4 binary star lying 120 light-years away from Earth. [5253] 31 Lyncis is an orange giant approximately 390 light-years distant. It is also known as Alsciaukat ("the thorn") and Mabsuthat ("the outstretched" paw). Lynx contains a couple of

buy custom Starting Up Medical Practice essay

buy custom Starting Up Medical Practice essay Before Dr. Paul House makes his decision on whether to start his own solo private practice, or join group practice, he has to consider the advantages and disadvantages of both sides. First of all, if he starts his own solo private practice he will be in charge of everything. Given that he has a dominant personality and likes to be in charge, this action will be good for him. Emie, who is Pauls father, is an entrepreneur who strongly believes in his son. He would like to see him succeed and this will only be through starting his own business just as he did his own dry cleaning business. He started this entity from scratch and has grown over with time. If Paul starts his own business practice he will make his father proud and this will in turn strengthen their relationship. On the other hand, starting his own business will be so hard for he has no source of capital at the moment and his father is not willing to support him because he believes that Paul should start on his own just like he did. Again, it will be difficult for him to start his own business practice especially since he has outstanding loans in medical school amounting to approximately $100,000.This will make it hard for him to acquire loans to start his own private business practice. Paul House will have to consider a number of key purchases in starting his own medical practice. Some of the purchases include capital equipment, medical supplies and clinical equipments like ultrasound machines, ray machines, medical lasers, anesthetic machines, and laboratory equipment. He wll also have to pay rent for the building he will be setting up the business. The building should be spacious enough to include fully equipped examination rooms, a medical office, and a furnished waiting room (Breen et al, 2010). He will also purchase office furniture like chairs, tables, and beds. Seemingly, he is expected to pay office designers, medical assistants, nurses, clinical officers, subordinates, cleaners, and coffee makers. Computer software will also be needed for storing medical information and records. For these to be installed he needs the services of an IT specialist. Apart from the already mentioned purchases that Dr. House needs to carryout for his private business, there are other expenses that he will have to incur such as legal, accounting, and consultancy expenses. He will need a lawyer to help him obtain a business lease and get incorporated. This is quite hard to obtain, but the lawyer will make things a little easier for him (Huss Coleman and Huss, 2006). He will also incur expenses in the accounting sector as he will need an accountant to carry out financial activities. Consulting expenses will also be incurred as he will need to hire consulting officers to help in consultancy. Insurance costs are mandatory since he will have to insure his business in case of anything. Obtaining patients will be hard at first especially if he has not worked anywhere before, so publicity expenses and advertisement costs will also have to be incurred. On the otherr hand, if Paul House joins group practice, he will not have to have to worry about collecting a lot of capital which he cannot get at the moment. This action will present him with a good opportunity to earn experience in his line of practice before starting his own private practice (Huss Coleman and Huss, 2006). He will also save enough to start his own private entity later on. Joining group practice will help him clear his outstanding loan arrears in medical school fees so that by the time he starts his own business, he will be in a position to obtain more loan to add up to what he will have saved from the group practice for his private entity. The only disadvantage that Paul will encounter by joining group practice is that he will not be in charge as he would like to be especially due to his dominant personality. After considering the advantages and disadvantages of group practice and private practice, I would recommend that Paul House works with the group before starting his own business. This will help him obtain the necessary experience needed to start his own business practice later. It will also give him time to obtain the startup capital needed for the business. He will in addition have enough time to pay his medical school loans before starting his private business. By working in the group, House will gain experience and knowledge that will prove indispensible when he starts his own entity. He should also keep in mind that decisions made will have impacts on patients, productivity and future success. Buy custom Starting Up Medical Practice essay

McCarthy Witchhunts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

McCarthy Witchhunts - Essay Example He established a committee that acted as task force and court for all those suspected or accused of communism; people from all walks of life would, ultimately, find themselves in the â€Å"hot seat.† History Joseph McCarthy was born in 1908 in Wisconsin. He was raised in â€Å"proper† Catholic family, was a good student, and earned his degree from Marquette University in 1928. He was involved in an unsuccessful law practice and became an avid gambler on the side, before he finally decided on a career in politics. He joined the Democratic Party, but after being overlooked for the Democratic candidate for district attorney he switched political sides. Becoming a republican he began, what many historians describe as an example of the most unqualified and corrupt of politicians of all time. This perspective is personified by the â€Å"dirty† campaign he ran to earn an appointment as a circuit court judge. After a short time in the military he won the Senate seat for Wisconsin; his term was overall not impressive. It was at this time the United States was feeling the looming threat of â€Å"communist† sentiments, McCarthy â€Å"banked† on those fears and began a crusade to eliminate this threat and guarantee himself reelection (Oh, and Latham 1). Discussion McCarthy established the House of Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), which was tasked with investigating anyone who was suspected of or associated with people involved in communism or were thought to be sympathetic to the communist party. These committee courts forced the accused to answer questions about their political ideologies and behaviors. They offered deals to those that would give the names of others who are, likely, to be communists. When one refused to give names of others they were â€Å"Blacklisted,† which prevented hundreds of those questioned to be able to find work in their respective fields, from politics to Hollywood. Arthur Miller, famous American writer, found himself in McCarthy’s court. He would certainly not confess to Communist ideologies and refused to help them in accusing others. In turn, Miller was Blacklisted (History Channel 1). It is the events, during the McCarthy era, that led Miller to write â€Å"The Crucible,† which details a version of the Salem witch trials in the 1600s.He framed the way the young girls freely accused citizens of Salem, Massachusetts of witchcraft within the current events of McCarthy’s witch hunt. The accused were guilty until proven innocent, and their innocence was impossible to prove because of the structure of the courts. Accused witches were given the opportunity to repent and avoid execution. However, for many of these innocent and highly devout people they could not morally confess to something they did not do, even to save their own lives. This would be a lie and lying is a sin against God. They would rather die free of sin than to live having lied. This was r eflective of McCarthy and his HUAC. In 1938, as television first became common in people’s households, Edward R. Murrow, well-respected and renowned new correspondents, began a show called â€Å"See It Now.† The majority of his stories concerned issues of the average American citizens (American Masters 1). It was a huge success for more than a decade. In March of 1954, Murrow brought McCarthy on his show as a guest. He allowed McCarthy to do most of the talking; in black and white it became very clear that McCarthy had

222 # 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

222 # 4 - Essay Example Once embraced fully in numerous states, death penalty is an effective tool to ensure crimes rates have declined contrary to life’s imprisonment. This is because many criminals prefer the latter than facing extermination. Yes. I think numerous states have realized costs involved in undertaking death penalty and its implications compared to other forms. This is as per Death Penalty Information Center recent report, which showed more than half of the respondents (54%) preferred any other type of life sentences compared to capital (DPIC). For instance, arguments based on costs referred to particular three cases, which before that conclusion cost the approximately 350 million, which is quite expensive than if it chose to give them a life sentence (DPIC). In addition, citizens including diverse activists are emerging with claims this punishment approach is not even fair for long seems to favor certain races. I think due to the complexity involved with lethal injections whereby those undertaking it might not have the necessary expertise, it should be obsolete but justice authorities uphold other executions. For instance, in my view I propose electric execution whose undertaking is more practical and does not encompass numerous complex technicalities to the executioner. In addition, its durations is quite short compared to legal whereby with the appropriate voltage of 40 seconds is enough then let the body cool down. â€Å"Whats New: Public Opinion: Majority of Pennsylvanians Prefer Life Sentences, Support Moratorium on Death Penalty.† Death Penalty Information Center – DPIC. 25Th March 2015. Web. 26Th March 2015.

Strategy and Performance Management at DSM Essay

Strategy and Performance Management at DSM - Essay Example The final KSF is important from the point of view of the merchant players. Low cost and security from sales is essential for them (Cai, et al, 2009). The KSFs can be linked with each other, if some of the steps of performance management are implemented within the system of DSM. The process of performance management consists of five steps. The steps consists of planning, developing, monitoring, rating and finally development planning. Among the various steps, planning, developing and rating is important from the perspective of DSM. This is because, all the selected steps are essential to enhance the KSFs and helps in ensuring integration within the factors (Armstrong & Baron, 2000). The suggested process consists of planning, developing and rating. Analyzing the processes would justify the rationale behind the suggestions. The three suggested steps are also linked with each other. The adoption of these steps within the system would help DSM to amalgamate the KSFs effectively. Planning is essential in an organization as it is the main factor that helps in properly allocating the resources of a company. Planning ensures that the company capitalizes on the opportunities available to it and the process is done in a cost effective way. Proper planning helps to meet the requirements of the customers. The demands of the customers can be fulfilled if proper production plans are designed. Efficient distribution of sales will be ensured if planning is done in the process of identifying potential target customers (Cai, et al, 2009). The second step involves activities that are related to efficient development of ideas and techniques. This step is connected to the first st ep. If proper planning is not done, the development process will also not be productive. Development is also an integral step in the process of performance management. Innovative techniques of production have to be developed in order to gain comparative advantage in the

HG Wells The War Of The Worlds

HG Wells The War Of The Worlds Are we such apostles of mercy as to complain if the Martians warred in the same spirit? This is what H. G. Wells writes in his first chapter of The War of the Worlds, just after reminding the reader on what our own species destroyed in the past, including the extermination of the Tasmanians in spite their human likeness. In the following I will point out in which way the context of British Imperialism is important and central to our understanding of Victorian texts nowadays and how this might have changed during the nineteenth century. This will be discussed in relation to H. G. Wellss The War of the Worlds. H. G. Wellss The War of the Worlds was first published in 1898. The end of the nineteenth century was a time, in which Germany and America began to compete with Britain for primacy in global economy. In the British society opinions differ what the great British Empire is concerned. Most people think the expansion was a desirable thing. Over the years the enthusiasm grows and better living standards are expected from the supplies of Empire products. Children grow up in a climate of opinion that was unambiguously imperial. Britain was believed to have the destiny and the duty to rule the world. The mind of imperialism, so the society is told, was reactive and defensive, not formally expansive. Patriotic history and geography books, songs, imperial exhibitions and literature hide the truth. So is Boehmer arguing, by offering us insight into the imperial imagination, the texts of the empire give some purchase on the occlusion of human loss that operates in colonial representation. The effect of empire on colonized peoples, and colonized responses to invasion, usually appear as mere traces in the writing of the time. Readings of imperial texts suggest, therefore, how it was possible for a world system which presided over the lives of millions to legitimate itself while masking suffering. In earlier novels of the nineteenth century, e.g. Jane Eyre and Great Expectations, imperialist themes can be found, indeed. However, they do not have a great impact on the general intention and are easy to miss. In Jane Eyre there is Bertha, a woman from Jamaica who Mr. Rochester was married to and is hidden in the attic of Thornfield because she had become mad. Rochester was to marry her because she came from a rich family. The money, so it is to be assumed, was made by slave trade. All these points are only traces throughout the whole novel and do not have a great impact on the protagonists decisions. Imperialism is taken for granted and is not commented at all. Approximately fifty years later, H. G. Wells, in contrast, wrote his novel to reveal the truth, [My] stories reflect upon contemporary political and social discussions. The novels purpose is therefore, as Wells himself states explicitly, not to alert us to the imminence of Martian invasion. Wells uses scientific phenomena as a basis for looking at the present from different viewpoints. This is, what Alkon argues when he writes that Wells uses the possibility of an encounter with a more technologically advanced extraterrestrial civilization to create a fundamental shift in political perspective whereby readers are shown what it is like to be on the receiving end of an imperial enterprise. The whole novel can be seen as a parable. The contemporary reader is confronted with the real face of Imperialism. The Martians who are obviously the novels antagonists invade Earth because Mars has become inhabitable for them. They take over Earth and claim it for themselves. Furthermore they live from the earthly populations blood. They invade without any warning and take what they need, completely regardless of the consequences for Earths population. Doing so, they act very violently and merciless. Humans are defenseless and entirely under the Martianss mercy, the monster [] had begun to walk [] across the common among the few fugitives []. A kind of arm carried a metallic case [] and out of the funnel of this there smoked the Heat-Ray. In a few minutes there was [] not a living thing left. This is exactly how the British proceeded in their colonies. They took over the populations land and their raw materials. For them it was not even necessary to colonize. It was a matter of prestige as well as a matter of keeping up with Germany and America. The Martians, in contrast, had to leave their home planet in order to survive. Just like the Martians destroy everything and act like machines the British invaded the lands they wanted and degraded the lands populations to be merely the colonial other and subaltern in comparison to themselves. Furthermore, the British felt just as superior to the, from their vantage point, uncultivated, primitive and less developed as the Martians felt about the earthly population. Nevertheless, the narrator himself develops during the plot. He has a clear mind and is able to see everything from different viewpoints. When he says, The base idea of this is no doubt horribly repulsive to us, but at the same time I think that we should remember how repulsive our carnivorous habits would seem to an intelligent rabbit., the readers are reminded that it is important to look at their own actions from a different viewpoint to realize how their behavior might affect others. The Martians are much higher developed than the earthly population. They are more intelligent and have stronger weapons against which humanity has no chance to survive. The whole mankind is under their control and no human weapons can stop them. Wells also included the topic of evolutionary ascendancy in his novel. In comparison to the Martians humanity is weak and defenseless. Whenever people get attacked by the Martians, they feel tiny, just like an ant, as a rabbit might feel returning to his burrow, and suddenly confronted by a dozen navvies digging the foundations of a house, an animal among animals, under the Martian heel. Now humanity feels degraded and, above all, disempowered. For the first time people realize, they are not the most intelligent animals in Universe, No one would have believed, [] that this world was being watched keenly and closely by intelligences greater than mans. Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species in which he states evolution as fact in 1859. According to him, only the fittest survive in the struggle for life, Natural Selection acts by the preservation and accumulation of inherited modifications, each profitable to the preserved being. Wells wants to warn his readership about trying to be the fittest. Aiming to be always the best means concurrence. Britain tried to keep up with other economical powers and eventually behaved as inhuman and mechanical as the Martians do. According to McConnell, Wellss intention was to show how the evolutionary future [invades] and [sucks] the lifeblood from the human present. The Martians were ourselves, mutated beyond sympathy, though not beyond recognition. They represent the danger of what ourselves might become. Huxley is of the same opinion writing in his essay Evolution and Ethics, In place of ruthless self-assertion it demands self-restraint, in place of thrusting aside, or treading down all competitors, it requires that the individual shall not merely respect, but shall help his fellows; its influence is directed, not so much to the survival of the fittest, as to the fitting of as many as possible to survive. He warns of fanatical individualism and states that mankind should work together as one species, instead. That does not contradict Darwins theory as he points out that the term survival of the fittest [includes] dependence on one being on another. McConnell sees these hints for humanitys future and writes that only by facing the hopelessness of human condition man can begin to construct something in which, absurdly and heroically, to hope. He interprets the loss of human supremacy as a wake-up call which allows to hope that humans would work together eventually. Until the end, humankind is not able to defeat the Martians. Earth is not under their control anymore. The Martians are defeated by microorganisms and bacteria they are, in contrast to humans, unresistant to. The tiniest and until then for humanity unimportant and unvalued species of animals reached what mankind was not able to. To sum it all up, H. G. Wellss The War of the Worlds is a parable in which its author obviously tries to reveal the truth about the Great British Empire, whereas many earlier Victorian texts rather hid or covered themes of Imperialism. Considering that The War of the Worlds deals with a colonial reversal in which, instead of oversea countries, the British Empire itself is invaded, it is important for the reader to know about the context of Imperialism in order to completely understand what H. G. Wells intended to say. Of course, the destabilization of assumed hierarchies of biology as well as of civilization is another topic that Wells cleverly includes. However, this topic is strongly connected to the one of colonial reversal. Although the novel can be interpreted from different point of views like every other novel, Wells explicitly expressed his intention which was to reveal the truth about Imperialism. (1536 words)

Historical Methodology Essays -- Racism Literature Books Papers

Historical Methodology The Strange Career of Jim Crow, by C. Van Woodward, traces the history of race relations in the United States from the mid and late nineteenth century through the twentieth century. In doing so Woodward brings to light significant aspects of Reconstruction that remain unknown to many today. He argues that the races were not as separate many people believe until the Jim Crow laws. To set up such an argument, Woodward first outlines the relationship between Southern and Northern whites, and African Americans during the nineteenth century. He then breaks down the details of the injustice brought about by the Jim Crow laws, and outlines the transformation in American society from discrimination to Civil Rights. Woodward’s argument is very persuasive because he uses specific evidence to support his opinions and to connect his ideas. Considering the time period in which the book and its editions were written, it should be praised for its insight into and analysis of the most i mportant social issue in American history. From the beginning of the book, Woodward argues that prior to Jim Crow, segregation in the Southern states was not as strong as many assume. To support this claim he cites Slavery in the Cities, where author Richard C. Wade provides evidence for segregation while at the same time states that, â€Å"‘In every city in Dixie†¦blacks and whites lived side by side, sharing the same premises if not equal facilities and living constantly in each other’s presence.’†[1] In the rural areas during slavery, African Americans and whites also had a large amount of social interaction, because, as Woodward explains, â€Å"control was best maintained by a large degree of physical contact and association.†[2] .. ...better in the 1950’s. [22] Given the historical context in which the book was written, its popular reception, its persuasiveness, and the realities of the history of race relations which it exposes, the book’s significance cannot be denied. [1] C. Vann Woodward, The Strange Career of Jim Crow. (Oxford University Press: New York, 1955), 14. [2] Woodward, 22. [3] Woodward, 19. [4] Woodward, 21. [5] Woodward, 37. [6] Woodward, 53-54. [7] Woodward, 54. [8] Woodward, 65. [9] Woodward, 69. [10] Woodward, 71. [11] Woodward, 72-73. [12] Woodward, 130-132. [13] Woodward, 81. [14] Woodward, 98. [15] Woodward, 115. [16] Woodward, 118. [17] Woodward, 119. [18] Woodward, 128. [19] Woodward, 174. [20] William S. McFeely, The Strange Career of Jim Crow, Afterword, 224 [21] McFeely, 227. [22] McFeely, 224.

Advocacy for Diverse Clientele Essay

Dealing with the everyday hustle and bustle that life throws at them. African-American women continue to rise above and stand out while doing so. They have been labeled as different, from their parenting style down to their style of dress. These women have also been ridiculed, labeled in a negative manner, and even mistreated. For example, they have earned lower wages than African-American males and whites. On the other hand, they have also been viewed as strong willed individuals. For examples, they have headed more than forty percent of their families while managing careers, and raising children. African-American females are heterogeneous in terms of identity, educational level, and social class. They are a diverse population attempting to rise above the different stereotypes daily. ADVOCACY PROCESSES Advocacy for African American females will lead, develop, and educate them in areas to help them become more aware of their strengths. One advocacy organization is The Coalition of African American Women (CAAW, 2014). The CAAW is a regional coalition of African American women with a goal of enhancing communities of Color in the Deep South. This organization shares information on the state of the African American community; informs and strategizes on how to access resources to support community development and restoration. They also focus on the empowerment, restoration, and development of black women as civic and community leaders. This organization works to develop the positive aspects of the African American woman. CAAW comes together to connect and empower African American women in the Deep South. The National Council of Negro Women leads, develops, and advocates for women of African descent as they support their families and communities. They advocate, conduct research, and provide national and community-based health, education, and economic empowerment services and programs to assist these women (NCNW, 2014). PUBLIC POLICIES Public policies that have affected care provided to African American females would be the Civil Rights Movement, Hate Crimes, Voting Rights, and Racism. These concerns affected the race as a whole and causing oppression, depression, and many additional negative concerns. From this, also came strength and perseverance. The race as a whole has been able to rise above and move forward in a positive direction. STRATEGIES FOR WORKING WITH AFRICAN AMERICAN WOMEN In counseling African American women, issues involving racial identity and conflict should be explored. Counselors can help African American females counteract negative images associated with being Black and being female; enhancing internal strength by developing pride and dignity in Black womanhood can serve as a buffer to racism and sexism and can prevent the incorporation of negative images into their own belief systems (Sue & Sue, 2013, p. 374). Counselors should be aware of the culture and familiar with the struggles and life events that have taken place for African American females in order to relate, build rapport, and be helpful to them. Family strategies for working with African American females include exploring the possibility of extended or nontraditional family arrangements. Therefore, questions should be directed toward clarifying who is living in the home and who helps out. Therapists/Counselors should work to strengthen and increase functionality of the original family structure rather than attempt to change it. One of the strengths of the African American family is that men, women, and children are allowed to adopt multiple roles within the family (Sue & Sue, 2013, p. 369). Community strategies for working with African American females include spiritual beliefs. Spiritual beliefs are important to many African Americans and serve as a protective factor in response to stressors. If a client is heavily involved in church activities or has strong religious beliefs, the counselor might consider enlisting church leaders to help the client (or family) deal with social and economic stressors or conflicts involving the family, school, or community. Church personnel often have enhanced understanding of the family dynamics and living conditions of parishioners (Sue & Sue, 2013, p. 370). COMMUNITY RESOURCES There are several community resources currently available for African  American women to assist them with everyday living and concerns that may be taking place in their life. One community resource is Black Mental Health Alliance (BMHA). BMHA is a private non-profit 501(C) 3 organization which provides training, consultation, support groups, resource referral, public information, and educational resources regarding mental health and mental illness issues. Additional information can be located at http://www.blackmentalhealth.com/. The National Leadership Council (NLC) is comprised of individuals who share an interest in promoting the strengths & health of African American children, families, and communities. The group represents an array of perspectives including consumers & family members, education, human resource development, nursing, psychiatry & psychology, research, and social work. The NLC seeks to provide leadership in building and supporting behavioral health systems that r educe disparities and contribute to optimal health in our communities. Additional information can be located at http://nlcouncil.com/about.html. A final available resource is the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI). NAMI offers a Multicultural Action Center with African American Resources. This resource provides personal stories and quotes as well as important information on mental illness and how it affects the family in a real-world tone. This colorful resource carries the messages to the African Americans that they are not alone, recovery is possible, and identifies where to find more information and where to seek help. Additional information can be located at http://www.nami.org. History denotes policies that impacted the delivery and accessibility of services to African Americans. However, in 1964, the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination. Discrimination was banned, but individuals continue to be discriminated against and oppressed because of the color of their skin, how they dress, where they live, and with whom they associate with. Working with diverse population can be very rewarding. Meeting different people and learning from their backgrounds can be very informative. This interaction can also be complex in the fact of gathering research and learning different practice issues. Therefore, counselors should be culturally competent and develop a broad awakening related to one’s knowledge of beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors different from theirs. References Black Mental Health Alliance. (n.d.) Retrieved from http://www.blackmentalhealth.com/. Gulf Coast Center for Law and Policy. (2014). Coalition of African American Women. Retrieved from http://www.gcclp.org. National Alliance on Mental Illness (2014). Multicultural Action Center. Retrieved from http://www.nami.org/Content/NavigationMenu/Find_Support/Multicultural_Support/Resources/African_American_Resources.htm. National Council of Negro Women. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.ncnw.org/. National Leadership Council. (n.d.). African American Behavioral Health. Retrieved from http://nlcouncil.com/about.html. Sue, D., & Sue, D. (2013). Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and Practice (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Differential Psychology Essay Example

Differential Psychology Essay Example Differential Psychology Essay Differential Psychology Essay Differential Psychology studies the ways in which individuals differ in their behavior. This is distinguished from other aspects of psychology in that although psychology is ostensibly a study of individuals, modern psychologists often study  groups  or biological underpinnings of cognition. EXAMPLE In evaluating the effectiveness of a new therapy, the mean performance of the therapy in one  treatment group  might be compared to the mean effectiveness of a  placebo  (or a well-known therapy) in a second, control group. In this context, differences between individuals in their reaction to the experimental and control manipulations are actually treated as errors rather than as interesting phenomena to study. This is because  psychological research  depends upon statistical controls that are only defined upon groups of people. Individual difference psychologists usually express their interest in individuals while studying groups by seeking dimensions shared by all individuals but upon which individuals differ. Importance of individual differences Individual differences are essential whenever we wish to explain how individuals differ in their behavior. In any study, significant variation exists between individuals. Reaction time, preferences, values, and health-linked behaviors are just a few examples. Individual differences in factors such as  personality,  intelligence,  memory, or physical factors such as body size, sex, age, and other factors can be studied and used in understanding this large source of variance. Importantly, individuals can also differ not only in their current state, but in the magnitude or even direction of response to a given  stimulus. Such phenomena, often explained in terms of  inverted-U  response curves, place differential psychology at an important location in such endeavours as  personalized medicine, in which diagnoses are customised for an individuals response profile. Areas of study Individual differences research typically includes  personality,  motivation,  intelligence, bility,  IQ,  interests,  values,  self-concept,  self-efficacy, and  self-esteem  (to name just a few). There are few remaining differential psychology programs in the United States, although research in this area is very active. Current researchers are found in a variety of applied and experimental programs, includingeducational psychology,  Industrial and organizational psychology,  personality psychology,  social psychology, and  developmental psycholog y  programs, in the  neo-Piagetian theories of cognitive development  in particular.

Medicinal Marijuana †Health Essay

Medicinal Marijuana – Health Essay Free Online Research Papers Commonly known as marijuana, cannabis is the worlds most used illicit drug. [ACDE] Dating as far back as 2500 B.C., Marijuana has not only been used for its feeling of euphoria, but also for medicinal purposes. The plant was first documented being used in the ancient Chinese cultures as an effective pain killer when ingested. [Rawson] Texts from Pakistan confirm that marijuana was used to treat illnesses such as gastrointestinal disorders, insomnia, headaches, and pain relief; especially in childbirth. In the 1800’s, Marijuana was used throughout the world as a general pain reliever before the invention of Aspirin. Then, in 1937, the United States passed the Marijuana Tax Act to ban marijuana, becoming the third country to do so. Its only protestor was the American Medical Association; how ironic. [Rawson] Delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the mind altering and relaxing ingredient found in marijuana. On average, the THC content of marijuana is 4% but may vary slightly on the conditions of the plants growth surroundings. Sinsemilla is a form of marijuana made from just the buds and flowering tops of the female plants and averages 7.5% in THC. [ACDE] In the 1970’s, a synthetic version of THC was designed in pill form known as Marinol. [ACDE] It has been used to treat Glaucoma, people undergoing chemotherapy and in some cases, for AIDS patients. Marinol has worked not only as a pain reliever but also to control nausea and increased appetite. Marinol is easy to regulate dosages and does not get the patient a high feeling, which may or may not affect the patient’s routine day. [Grinstead] Marijuana is known as a gateway drug and may lead to an addiction or a dependency. Marijuana is mostly smoked which may lead to heart and lung disease, throat cancer and a decreased memory capacity. [ACDE] While driving under the influence of marijuana, the user is ten times more likely to get into an accident due to perception distortion. [Rawson] Smoking marijuana may create the user to experience paranoia as well as hallucinations. Frequent marijuana users achieve a higher likelihood of getting chest colds, bronchitis, emphysema and bronchial asthma. Regular use from males may even reduce sperm count. Women who smoke while pregnant have the risk of premature babies or babies with lower birth weights as well as possible health problems. [Grinstead] Marijuana is classified as a Schedule 1 substance, meaning it has no acceptable medical use. [ACDE] Although there are some who believe that Marinol works great, most users who have also tried marijuana state that the drug is not nearly as effective. Many chemotherapy patients found that they were not able to ingest the pill due to vomiting and even swallowing the pill was difficult for some. [Grinstead] Many users also reported severe problems with Marinol, including side effects and announced to leaving the pill to smoke marijuana instead. [Wikipedia] Although there is no evidence supporting this claim, many patients have stated that smoking marijuana has helped them deal with many medical problems ranging from pain relief to even helping with the downfall AIDS provides. [ACDE] Researchers who were testing for marijuana intoxication found that smoking the drug actually reduces intraocular pressure which can cause blindness in glaucoma patients. THC may also aid in the prevention of atherosclerosis. [Wikipedia] Marinal itself can cost a patient thousands of dollars annually while growing a plant which slightly easier. Immediate relief is sent to the patient when smoking marijuana therefore making the drug easily dosed. [Wikipedia] While many will argue that marijuana is an addictive drug and will lead to dependency, the same can be said about almost all prescription painkillers such as: Vicoden, Oxycontin, Oxycodone, Valium and Xanax which have been major drugs leading to admissions in rehabilitation centers. [Grinstead] In a study approved by the Food and Drug Administration, 250 patients were used to determine what worked better for them: Marinol or smoked marijuana? All patients had been referred by a doctor and had failed to reduce or control vomiting while having tried at least three other alternatives. In conclusion, marijuana seemed to be the favored treatment. A direct quote from the magazine, Compazine, states, â€Å"More than ninety percent of the patients who received marijuana reported significant or total relief from nausea and vomiting.† [Wikipedia] In America alone, more than 700,000 citizens are arrested annual on charges of marijuana. [Grinstead] Not all of these â€Å"criminals† were using marijuana for medicinal or pain relieving purposes, but the knowledge that some aching man was arrested trying to soothe his pain is disturbing. Marijuana is a very debatable topic and will remain to be a very debatable topic due to the fact that not all people will agree with one another. Unlike many other drugs, marijuana provides a relief for suffering patients and many people have already agreed, including six U.S. states as well as the District of Columbia. [Wikipedia] The idea that it is not only a drug but an illegal drug is what is stopping many people from making the right choice and deciding that marijuana should be used to help suffering people dealing with problems that the majority of us could not even imagine. Research Papers on Medicinal Marijuana - Health EssayUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UsePersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)The Fifth HorsemanThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationGenetic EngineeringInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesCapital PunishmentTwilight of the UAW

Dispute Settlement Understanding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Dispute Settlement Understanding - Essay Example The members of the WTO are aware of the clear and well established legal procedures available for smooth trading and enforce the relevant rules to settle disputes among themselves. These rules are contained in the understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (through Dispute Settlement Understanding or DSU)2 . The strict legal and policy framework of the DSU helps in promoting adherence to rules which are negotiated by WTO Members and since the rule of law rather than the rule of power is applicable and important, the DSU rules are beneficial for small and medium sized countries engage in worldwide trade so that there is very little scope for unilateral trade actions by large countries3. There are automatic establishments of panels to review complaints and disputes by WTO members and specific timelines are also established throughout the process so that all disputes are resolved quickly and efficiently. If the disputes are addressed in favour of a particular member, there are also provisions for a right to appeal against panel decision to a permanent Appellate Body on issues of law and automatic adoption of panel reports4. The WTO Members are encouraged to resolve disputes through consultations and for most disputes, reaching to the state of panel decision may also not be necessary5. If panel decisions are taken, the panel report and the Appellate Body report are adopted by WTO members and at a meeting of the Dispute Settlement Body, it becomes a WTO ruling. The members who are found to violate obligations are given a period of time to comply with the ruling in whatever manner possible. The member is given a time period within which it has to comply with the ruling. If the member fails to comply with the ruling, within the prescribed time limits, then it has to offer compensation to the complaining member during the time of pending compliance with the ruling. When there is disagreement on compensation, then the complaining member may be authorised to retaliate and take action until the other member has actually complied with the ruling. A rule based system seems to provide for a framework that helps to manage international trade relations and the trade disputes. The best method of resolving trade disputes have been considered as consultations and negotiations and when the consultations fail, then the dispute settlement provisions are utilised and panel decision may be sought.6 When even panel decisions fail, appeals are made to the Appellate Body and the legal provisions are identified and implemented. The DSU facilitates smoother trade transactions and exports between countries and also helps individual member countries to defend measures which may be challenged by the other trading partners7. In this assignment we will discuss the effects of Article 4, 6 and 23 of the

Signs and Miracles Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Signs and Miracles - Research Paper Example The miracles of Jesus create a representation of his state as the Messiah and close reading with the stories of the miracles, along with an understanding of the past and the future allow the reader to see the miracles than more than just wondrous events. The Eight Miracles During his lifetime Jesus performed a long series of miracles that helped to give credibility to his ministry. In addition, these miracles gave beauty and compassion to the historic value of the nature of his love. His miracles can be broken down into six periods and the stories of those miracles provide different meanings to the context in which they are told. The first period is a â€Å"preparatory period† between his baptism until he calls his disciples to him.1 Four miracles occurred during this time that as it is reported in the histories. He then continued forward to perform sixteen miracles in the first portion of his ministry, eight in the second, six in the third, and four in the last days before hi s death. After his resurrection he performed one miracle. The total number of miracles reported as having been done by Jesus is 34.2 There can be identified eight miracles that are considered to be sign miracles. Leeler, Grimbly, and Wiggins define seven sign miracles that suggest that Jesus is the son of God. These ‘signs’ are intended to signal his arrival and to be taken as reflective of the nature of worship that would be used towards Jesus as the son of God. As well they define him as deified. The first sign, according to Leeler, Grumbly, and Wiggins, is the most important sign as it is the first to signal that he was more than a prophet or a man. The first sign miracle identified is that of the miracle at the wedding feast in Cana where Jesus turned the water into wine.3 The importance of these signs, such as turning the water into wine, is that they are visible and do not leave an abstracted idea of the nature of Jesus. They clearly proclaim that he is divine.4 I n turning the water into wine, the act provided for â€Å"symbolic actions (that) were valuable for his purpose because they were able to integrate several levels of meaning into a coherent whole†.5 Jesus showed himself through compassionate and real life applications of his miracles. The sign of the wine is also connected to prophesy concerning the messiah. According to Koestner, the use of wine was symbolic of the expectation that there would be an â€Å"outpouring of divine favor upon Israel†, the quote from reflections that suggested that â€Å"the mountains shall drip sweet wine, and all the hills shall flow with it’ and sometimes connecting abundant wine with the restoration of Davidic rule (Amos 9:11, 13; Joel 3:18; Isa 25:6)†.6 That the messiah was from the line of Davis was an important proof of his deity, however reinforcing that deification through associating his miracles with wine provided for symbolic proof, as well the proof of his lineage. Because of the well known, but sometimes vague nature of prophesy, creating symbolic proofs was as important as creating blatant proofs. Short of crying out this claim, the miracle of creating wine from water was a sign to those who had studied the prophesies that Jesus was the Messiah that Israel had been waiting to arrive. The second sign miracle can be considered as the act of healing the royal official’s son. According to Gross who paraphrases John 4: 46-54, Jesus says to the official that â€Å"